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The 2015 Paris Agreement includes Intended Nationally Determined Contributions (INDCs) that describe the contribution of different nations to the global target of limiting world average temperature increase to levels well below 2° Celsius (2 °C). The current study uses the PROMETHEUS global energy-economy model to assess CO2 emission trajectories and energy system transformation pathways for Reference,...
The lack of access to electricity in developing countries necessitates spatial electricity planning for guiding sustainable electrification projects that evaluate the costs of centralized systems vis-a-vis decentralized systems. Heuristic approaches have been widely used in such electrification problems to find feasible, cost effective solutions; however, most of the time global optimality of these...
In this study, dynamic particle swarm optimization was used to develop optimal strategies for two-variable energy management and gear-shifting in hybrid electric vehicles. To perform simulations, six mathematical subsystems, including a spark ignition engine, lithium battery module, traction motor, automatic manual transmission, longitudinal vehicle dynamics, and driver model were constructed. The...
This study primarily aims to examine the flow field around an H-Darrieus wind turbine using Large Eddy Simulation (LES). The corresponding experimental data for the validation is provided by TU Delft. As in the experiments, the turbine operates at a tip speed ratio (TSR) of 2 and a chord-based Reynolds number (Re) of 8·104. A dedicated block-structured mesh has been generated to perform 3D LES simulation...
The cogeneration plant of offshore platforms has to supply utilities following the production of the platform. This production varies yearly and also depends on the mode of operation of the platform, which varies depending on the quantity of oil, gas and water produced. The variable demand for power and heat makes the selection of cogeneration technology for offshore platforms a tricky task. A methodology...
The desiccants made by confined salt in a porous matrix (CSPM) were proposed in the 1990s. Profiting off of a high sorption capacity and a low regeneration temperature made this field very interesting research topic. In absorption refrigeration cycles, adopting multi salts has been investigated widely. LiCl and LiBr are known for their high water adsorption capacity. The combinations of these two...
An investigation of premixed H2/air combustion in a nozzle inlet micro tube has been carried out. The effects of inlet shape on combustion characteristics, flow field, specie distribution and thermal performance are presented and discussed. Also, effects of inlet mass flow rate and equivalence ratio on the entropy generations of combustion in the micro tubes are analyzed. The results show that the...
This paper investigates the performance and emission analyses of a turbo-charged diesel engine fuelled with pre-mixed and post-mixed hybrid biodiesel blends at varying load condition thereby maintaining injection timing, injection pressure and speed constant at 230bTDC, 220 bar and 1500 RPM. The experimental result depicted that post-mixed biodiesel blends (POBD 20) showed higher brake specific energy...
The energy efficiency of recovery boiler power plants is largely influenced by the heat transfer to the superheaters. In the design process of such very large-scale applications, one of the key challenges is the a priori geometry optimization by robust numerical approaches. The main objectives of this work are to demonstrate a numerical optimization framework and to optimize the geometry of the superheater...
Liquid Hot Water pretreatment (LHW) was evaluated on empty palm fruit bunch (EPFB) at 160–210 °C, residence time of 0–60 min and solid loadings of 5–25% wt. The effects of these conditions on ethanol yield and potential profit were determined. The “potential profit” was used as response variable to approach the economic feasibility because it helps to dismiss those experiments without economic sense,...
The bypass is widely used for optimizing the operation of heat exchanger network (HEN) to maintain the control requirements. More attention on the bypass control strategy has been paid to the control performance without considering the economics. However, the economic efficiency is quite important to the industry with energy intensive production as energy prices to rise. Therefore, both the control...
The turbine inlet temperature (TIT) has a significant effect on the performance of gas turbines, and enhanced cooling methods are being applied to the latest gas turbines to increase this temperature. The coolant pre-cooling (CPC) is also used to improve the cooling performance. In this study, coolant inter-cooling (CIC) is proposed to reduce the coolant temperature and improve the gas turbine performance...
A 13X zeolite modified with Cu ions (13X Ex-Cu) by means of an innovative technique was employed as adsorbent for H2S removal from biogas, to obtain a desulfurized fuel suitable for molten carbonate fuel cell systems. Sorbent performance was characterized over a wide range of operating conditions typical of biogas mixtures (high H2S content - 200 and 1000 ppmv; CH4 (60%)/CO2 (40%) matrices) and compared...
A large number of methods for energy systems analysis were developed in the last decades, aimed at acquiring an in-depth understanding of plant performances and enabling analysts to identify optimal design and operating conditions. In this work an integrated approach based on Life Cycle Assessment and Thermoeconomics is proposed as a method for assessing the exergo-environmental profile of energy...
Numerical and experimental studies have been performed to investigate the macroscopic spray structure and spray characteristics of sprays generated by a full-cone pressure swirl atomizer. The simulation employs Eulerian-Lagrangian scheme to account for the multiphase flow and the linearized instability sheet atomization model to predict film formation, sheet breakup and atomization. Reynolds-Averaged...
In this article, an attempt has been made to examine the experimental and theoretical results of two newly developed Modified single slope solar stills integrated with earth (MSSIE) viz. MSSIE(I) and MSSIE(II), using Dunkle, Kumar & Tiwari, Clark, modified Spalding's mass transfer theory and Tsilingiris models. In MSSIE(II) the polythene covering has substantially elevated the energy of nearby...
Accurate load forecasting is critical for power system planning and operational decision making. In this study, we are the first to utilize a deep feedforward network for short-term electricity load forecasting. Our results are compared to those of popular machine learning models such as random forest and gradient boosting machine models. Then, electricity consumption patterns are explored based on...
This research article proposes to develop a waste heat driven single-stage adsorption-based cooling system by selecting CO2 and indigenous coconut shell based activated carbon (CSAC) as the adsorbate/adsorbent pair. The CO2 adsorption isotherms and kinetics of activated carbon are measured at different temperatures (273–368 K) using volumetric method. In order to illustrate adsorption isotherms, experimental...
The successful deployment of distributed solar generation in urban areas involves the evaluation of how suitable a building is for installing the rooftop solar photovoltaic (PV) system within a region. When evaluating the rooftop solar PV suitability of a building, it is crucial to consider not only its technical but also its economic performance as the difference in technical performance can lead...
In this paper I use the example set by Prof. Jan Szargut as point of reference for a brief look at the current state of thermodynamics—the doctrine, its reach and importance. I start with my first encounter with Prof. Jan Szargut in 1979, and I show how his work influenced mine. Next, I review the structure that underpins thermodynamics as a discipline: the laws and the self-standing phenomena that...
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